What Is Shigellosis?
Shigellosis is a bacterial disease caused by an infection of Shigella bacteria. There are four species of Shigella: Shigella flexneri, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei (common in the US). The condition affects the digestive system, resulting in diarrhea. While an uncomfortable infection, patients typically recover on their own, but affected people need to take care not to transmit it even after symptoms subside.
Understanding the condition is key to coping and treating it. While a bout of diarrhea may worry you, it does not mean that you are suffering from this specific illness. The following 10 questions and answers define the condition, its symptoms and treatment options. You should come away with a better understanding of the populations and communities that should show particular concern about shigellosis and its prevention.
1. What Is the Main Warning Sign of an Infection?
The primary sign of shigellosis is diarrhea. Shigella bacteria enter through the digestive tract, and once this bacterium reaches the intestines, it releases toxins that irritate the intestinal wall, causing discomfort and bowel flushing. While not a rare condition, there are several environmental warning signs of Shigella bacteria. For example, poor hygiene or water contamination can lead to an increase in shigellosis cases.
If people cluster or share living spaces, then bacteria can spread quickly, leading to widespread infection. Therefore, close-knit communities, like daycare centers and senior facilities, should take extra precautions to limit bacterial spread through increased sanitary practices. Ensure routine cleaning occurs in facilities and that residents are aware of fundamental hygiene standards. Significant outbreaks can lead to increased risks, especially in elderly and infant communities.
