Coughing Up Blood (Hemoptysis)
- 1. 'Learn About Cough.' American Lung Association, www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/warning-signs-of-lung-disease/cough/learn-about-cough.
- 2. 'Coughing up Blood.' Mount Sinai Health System, www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/coughing-up-blood.
- 3. Coughing Up Blood By Rebecca Dezube, et al. 'Coughing Up Blood - Lung and Airway Disorders. Merck Manuals Consumer Version, Merck Manuals, www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/symptoms-of-lung-disorders/coughing-up-blood.
- 4. NHS Choices, NHS, www.nhs.uk/conditions/coughing-up-blood/.
- 5. 'Coughing up Blood Causes.' Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 7 Apr. 2018, www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/coughing-up-blood/basics/causes/sym-20050934.
- 6. Rull, Dr Gurvinder. 'Coughing Up Blood (Haemoptysis): Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.' Patient.info, 23 Nov. 2017, patient.info/chest-lungs/cough-leaflet/coughing-up-blood-haemoptysis.
- 7. 'Coughing Up Blood (Hemoptysis): Causes, Tests & Diagnosis, Treatment.' Cleveland Clinic, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/17696-coughing-up-blood.
6. Risk Factors for Hemoptysis
Long-time smokers, people who've been exposed to tuberculosis, and those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are at greater risk of developing issues that cause hemoptysis. Coughing up blood may be indicative of more serious issues in those with cancer or previous blood clot incidents and people experiencing recent bed rest, surgery, or travel.
People taking immunosuppressive medications to combat such ailments as tuberculosis and fungal infections may be more likely to experience hemoptysis.3Coughing Up Blood By Rebecca Dezube, et al. ‘Coughing Up Blood - Lung and Airway Disorders. Merck Manuals Consumer Version, Merck Manuals, www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/symptoms-of-lung-disorders/coughing-up-blood.
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