What Is the Circadian Rhythm?
4. Circadian Rhythm Disorders
Circadian rhythm disorders occur when there are disturbances that affect the circadian rhythm. It can be categorized into two subtypes: the transient disorders and chronic disorders. In transient disorders, it can be due to a change in sleep schedule because of work, illness, or social responsibilities. Another good example of transient circadian rhythm disorder is jetlag.
Chronic circadian rhythm disorders include advance sleep-phase syndrome (ASPS), delayed sleep-phase syndrome (DSPS), and irregular sleep-wake cycle. Based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, there are nine distinct circadian rhythm sleep disorders. In humans, the circadian rhythm is thought to be regulated by the suprachiasmatic nuclei located in the anterior ventral hypothalamus. Lesions to the suprachiasmatic nuclei results in loss of circadian rhythmicity.
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