What Is Esotropia?
5. Physical Examination
In accommodative esotropia, examination of visual acuity usually reveals hyperopia. Visual acuity can be measured subjectively using methods such as Allen cards, preferential looking, visual evoked potentials, tumbling Es, and Snellen’s chart.
The stereoacuity (depth perception examination using LANG test, TNO test, Randot stereogram, or polarized glasses), eye movements, and the angle of deviation should be examined. The accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio can also be measured. The AC/A ratio should be normal in pure accommodative esotropia and true accommodative esotropia. A complete examination of the eye to assess the lens, anterior chamber, cornea, and fundus should also be performed.
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