What Is Diabetes Mellitus?
7. Treatment and Management
The management of diabetes aims to control the blood glucose level and maintain it at a normal level. Besides having a healthy diet, losing weight, exercise, and quitting tobacco products, medications such as metformin, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) agonists can also be used. Since cardiovascular disease is a known complication for diabetics, their blood pressure should be maintained below 130/80 mmHg.
This can be done using angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and more. For those who are obese, weight loss surgery may also be beneficial. A kidney transplant or dialysis may be required for those with end-stage renal disease. Regular follow-ups with a podiatrist, nephrologist, and ophthalmologist should also be required.
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