10 Cystitis Symptoms
- 1. 'Cystitis.' NHS.uk, 23 Oct. 2017, www.nhs.uk/conditions/cystitis
- 2. 'What is Interstitial Cystitis(IC)/Bladder Pain Syndrome?' Urology Care Foundation, www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/i/interstitial-cystitis
- 3. 'Cystitis.' Better Health, www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/cystitis
- 4. 'Blood in Urine (haematuria).' Nidirect, 12 Apr. 2021, www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/blood-urine-haematuria
- 5. 'Symptoms & Causes of Interstitial Cystitis.' National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 27 July 2017, www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/interstitial-cystitis-painful-bladder-syndrome/symptoms-causes
- 6. 'Cystitis Symptoms and Treatments.' NHS Inform, www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/kidneys-bladder-and-prostate/cystitis#symptoms-of-cystitis
- 7. 'Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) in Infants & Young Children.' HealthyChildren.org, www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/genitourinary-tract/Pages/Vesicoureteral-Reflux-in-Infants-Young-Children.aspx
Abdominal Pain
Pain in the lower abdomen is among the common interstitial cystitis symptoms, and individuals sometimes experience an accompanying feeling of pressure. Abdominal pain may also occur when cystitis is caused by infections.
Pain may worsen as the bladder becomes fuller and subside once it's emptied. Some people also experience pain in other areas of the body, including the lower back, pelvic area and urethra. Men might experience pain in the testicles, scrotum or penis, and women may feel pain in the vagina or vulva.5‘Symptoms & Causes of Interstitial Cystitis.’ National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 27 July 2017, www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/interstitial-cystitis-painful-bladder-syndrome/symptoms-causes
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