10 Achalasia Symptoms
- 1. Achalasia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. National Center for Biotechnology Information, 5 Feb. 2021, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519515/#article-17083.s2
- 2. Achalasia - Symptoms and Causes. Mayo Clinic, 21 Oct. 2020, [www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achalasia/symptoms-causes/syc-20352850](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achalasia/symptoms-causes/syc-20352850)
- 3. Diaphragm Disorders - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. National Center for Biotechnology Information, 1 Apr. 2021, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470172/#article-20467.s5
- 4. An Overview of Achalasia and Its Subtypes. PubMed Central (PMC), [www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5572971/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5572971/)
- 5. Pneumonia - Symptoms and Causes. Mayo Clinic, 13 June 2020, [www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204](https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204)
- 6. Anderson, S. H., Yadegarfar, G., Arastu, M. H., Anggiansah, R., & Anggiansah, A. (2006). The relationship between gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms and achalasia. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 18(4), 369–374.
- 7. Practical Tips to Reduce Bloating, Belching and Gas. Mayo Clinic, 13 Feb. 2020, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gas-and-gas-pains/in-depth/gas-and-gas-pains/art-20044739
Hiccups
Almost everyone has experienced hiccups enough to know that it is more of a nuisance than an illness. However, for a person with achalasia, hiccups may indicate an underlying problem in the esophagus.
Hiccups are caused by muscle spasms in the diaphragm. Part of the esophagus goes through an opening in the diaphragm called the esophageal hiatus. When the esophagus becomes inflamed or suffers nerve damage, this can trigger muscle spasms in the diaphragm.3Diaphragm Disorders - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. National Center for Biotechnology Information, 1 Apr. 2021, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470172/#article-20467.s5
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