The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)
- 1. Perlmutter, Joel S. 'Assessment of Parkinson Disease Manifestations.' _Current Protocols in Neuroscience_, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Oct. 2009, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2897716/#:~:text=The most common rating scales,how to implement these ratings.
- 2. Publishing, Harvard Health. 'The Facts about Parkinson's Disease.' _Harvard Health_, www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/the-facts-about-parkinsons-disease.
- 3. Treatment.” _Parkinson's Foundation_, www.parkinson.org/Understanding-Parkinsons/Treatment.
- 4. 'Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Movement Disorders Society (MDS) Modified Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS).' _APTA_, www.apta.org/patient-care/evidence-based-practice-resources/test-measures/unified-parkinsons-disease-rating-scale-updrs-movement-disorders-society-mds-modified-unified-parkinsons-disease-rating-scale-mds-updrs.
- 5. Association, European Parkinson's Disease. 'Rating Scales.' _Rating Scales | European Parkinson's Disease Association_, www.epda.eu.com/about-parkinsons/symptoms/rating-scales/.
4. Mentation, Behavior and Mood
This segment of the UPDRS consists of four categories: intellectual impairment, thought disorder, depression and motivation/initiative. The intellectual impairment rating considers a patient’s ability to make judgments, solve problems and recall events, and the thought disorder category looks at the frequency of vivid dreams, hallucination, delusions and psychosis.
If a patient is experiencing sustained depression with suicidal thoughts, they may receive a high rating in this category. Those who are withdrawn or have lost interest in their usual hobbies and activities may receive a moderate to severe motivation/initiative score.
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