10 Common Causes of Flatulence

By nigel

Reviewed: Dr. Mera

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Cause #4: Lactose Intolerance

People with lactose intolerance have low levels of an enzyme, known as lactase, in charge of digesting lactose into its most basic components (glucose and galactose). This enzyme is usually located in the small intestine (duodenum), and it hydrolyzes (breaks down) lactose in order to facilitate its absorption by the gut. If lactose is not absorbed by the mucosa, it causes fluid secretion into the gut. This distends the intestine and speeds up intestinal transit, increasing the likeliness of poor lactose digestion. Also, in the large intestine, bacteria break down the unabsorbed lactose and generate hydrogen gas. The combination of these factors will be responsible for the gastrointestinal distress observed in people who struggle with lactose intolerance.

As mentioned, people with lactose intolerance will likely experience many gastrointestinal symptoms if they eat food containing dairy. This can happen even without intention—something as simple as eating the wrong pastry at a bakery can introduce dairy into the body. Some symptoms of lactose intolerance include nausea, diarrhea, bloating, flatulence, and abdominal pain.